Although narcissism, trauma responses, and insecure attachment can appear similar in relationships, they arise from different psychological systems. Narcissism is primarily a personality-based structure focused on self-image regulation, trauma responses are nervous system survival reactions, and insecure attachment reflects early relational learning patterns. Schore (2001) and Fonagy et al. (2002) emphasize that these systems often … Continue reading Understanding Narcissism, Trauma Responses, and Insecure Attachment: A Psychological Framework for Human Behavior.